Initiative Description: Implement local wellness policies that impact the physical environment regulating commercial food (CF) consumption, such as the number of CF venues and items, open or closed-campus policy and lunchroom advertising.

Study Results: Policies modifying the school’s physical environment are most likely to positively influence National School Lunch Program participation and decrease competitive foods purchasing.

Reference: Litchfield, R. E., & Wenz, B. (2011). Influence of school environment on student lunch participation and competitive food sales. Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 35(1), 9.

Level of Evidence: Good