Initiative Description: Schools served as clusters and were randomly assigned to the School Psychiatric Consultation (SPC) condition, the Creating a Peaceful School Learning Environment (CAPSLE) condition. SPC- 3 child psychiatry residence delivered mental health consultation following the SPC manual for 4 hours 2x a week over the course of 2 school years. CAPSLE- a team drawn from school staff led implementation. In year 1, teachers received a day of group training while students received 9 sessions of self-defense training. The CAPSLE team consulted with school staff Monthly. Year 2 began with a school-wide half day refresher training for all school staff and a 3 session refresher self-defense course, and consultation continued with counselors and teachers.

Study Results: Reduced children’s experience of aggression and victimization.

Level of Evidence: Excellent